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(Low) PIM at SPINNER

Low Passive Intermodulation

SPINNER was the first to recognize PIM as a risk to mobile communication systems. In 1994, we launched the world’s first automated jumper production line, ensuring superior electrical and mechanical performance with significantly lower PIM values than manually assembled connectors.

With no commercial PIM testers available at the time, we developed our own test setup to validate the exceptional performance of our products. We also played a key role in establishing IEC 62037-1, the first international standard for intermodulation measurement in passive RF devices.

Today, mobile networks operate across multiple frequency bands, making low PIM solutions more crucial than ever. With over 30 years of expertise, SPINNER remains at the forefront of PIM innovation.

What is PIM?

PIM is a type of distortion that occurs when passive components (such as connectors or jumpers) transmit multiple frequencies, creating interference at sum and difference frequencies. Poor design, imprecise manufacturing, or material defects can cause these non-linearities.

For example, signals at 770 MHz and 950 MHz can generate unwanted tones at 1720 MHz (sum) and 180 MHz (difference), potentially disrupting network performance.

PIM Tests at SPINNER

4.3-10 & 7-16 Low PIM Jumper Cables

4.3-10 & 7-16 Low PIM Test Cables

Why PIM Matters

Higher-Order Intermodulation: More frequencies mix, creating additional interference.
Wider Frequency Spread: Higher-order intermodulation products widen, impacting 4G and 5G networks.
Common Sources: Corrosion, loose connectors, and material junctions often cause PIM.
Power Dependency: PIM decreases with lower power but varies by system configuration.
Network Performance Impact: PIM raises the noise floor, reducing signal quality, data throughput, and reliability.

Internal vs. External PIM

Internal PIM occurs within base station components (e.g., cables, connectors).
External PIM originates outside the system (e.g., rusted structures near antennas), making it harder to detect and fix.